1. Womic Steel: Nā Hiki Hana a me ka Ikaika o ka ʻOihana no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52
Hoʻokele ʻo Womic Steel Group i nā laina hana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia no nā paipu LSAW lawelawe ʻawaʻawa. Pono ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52 PSL2:
● Haʻahaʻa ke kalapona like (CEV ≤ 0.40%, maʻamau ≤ 0.38%)
● Haʻahaʻa ka sulfur (S ≤ 0.002%) a me ka phosphorus haʻahaʻa (P ≤ 0.015%)
● Ka mālama ʻana i ka calcium no ka kaohi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokomo ʻana (globular sulfides)
● Ka hana wela ma hope o ka hoʻopili ʻana (PWHT) no nā paipu āpau, me ka nānā ʻole i ka mānoanoa o ka paia
● Hoʻāʻo paʻakikī 100% (weld, HAZ, metala kumu)
● Hoʻāʻo HIC a me SSC e like me nā kūlana NACE
Nā kaʻina hana: JCOE, UOE, pā i ʻōwili ʻia me ka umu PWHT i koi ʻia (lalo o ke kaʻa, lōʻihi 12m, hoʻomoʻa 600°C). Nānā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e SGS, BV, TÜV, DNV, a i ʻole ABS no ka palapala hōʻoia lawelawe piha.
Ka mana o ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa makahiki X52 LSAW:30,000 tone.
Ka Hoʻololi Hana no ka Lawelawe ʻAi ʻOi X52 PSL2:
JCOE: 406–1,422mm OD × 6.0–50.8mm WT × ≤ 18m
UOE: 508–1,220mm OD × 6.0–40.0mm WT × ≤ 24m (makemake ʻia no ka ʻawaʻawa ma muli o ke koʻikoʻi koena haʻahaʻa)
Papa ʻōwili: 600–1,600mm OD × 25–60mm WT × ≤ 12m
Loaʻa i nā paipu lawelawe ʻawaʻawa a pau ka PWHT (600°C ± 10°C, paʻa i 1 hola no kēlā me kēia mānoanoa 25mm, hoʻomaʻalili mālie)
2. API 5L X52 PSL2 ʻAwaʻawa Hana: Nā ʻano o ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o nā mea a me ka hana
No ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa, ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka kemika ma mua o ka PSL2 maʻamau. ʻO ka pahuhopu ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i HIC a me SSC i nā wahi H₂S pulu.
ʻO ka hoʻohuihui kemika (Ladle Analysis, nā pahuhopu maʻamau no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa):
| ʻElemene | ʻO ka maʻamau PSL2 max | Pahuhopu lawelawe ʻawaʻawa (Womic) |
| C | 0.22 | ≤ 0.14 (maʻamau 0.08-0.12) |
| Mn | 1.40 | ≤ 1.30 (maʻamau 1.10-1.25) |
| P | 0.025 | ≤ 0.015 |
| S | 0.015 | ≤ 0.002 (0.0015 maʻamau) |
| Si | 0.45 | 0.20-0.40 |
| V | 0.10 | ≤ 0.06 |
| Nb | 0.05 | 0.03-0.05 |
| Ti | 0.04 | ≤ 0.025 |
| CEV | ≤ 0.43 | ≤ 0.40 (maʻamau ≤ 0.38) |
| Pcm | ʻAʻole koi ʻia | ≤ 0.22 |
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka calcium (Ca/S ratio ≥ 1.5) e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i nā hoʻokomo sulfide globular i kū i ka HIC.
Nā Waiwai Mekanika (Ma hope o PWHT):
| Waiwai | ʻO ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52 PSL2 (Womic) |
| Ikaika Hāʻawi (min) | 360 MPa (52,200 psi) |
| Ikaika Hāʻawi (max) | 530 MPa (76,900 psi) |
| Ikaika Hoʻopaʻa (min) | 460 MPa (66,700 psi) |
| Hoʻolōʻihi (min) | 21% |
| Paʻakikī (max) - nā papahana he nui | 85 HRB (Ua loaʻa iā Womic he 78-85 HRB) |
| Paʻakikī hopena @ 0°C | ≥ 27 J (maʻamau 80-120 J) |
Hoʻāʻo Pono no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa:
● HIC no NACE TM0284 (Hoʻonā A, 96h) – ʻae ʻia: CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5% (nui nā papahana e pono ai 0%)
● SSC no NACE TM0177 (ʻAno A, 720h, 90% SMYS) - ʻaʻohe haki
● Hiki ke hele ka paʻakikī ma waena o ka weld, HAZ, a me ke metala kumu (max 85 HRB)
● Charpy V-Notch ma 0°C (a i ʻole haʻahaʻa inā i kuhikuhi ʻia)
3. Ka laulā Ana a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā kūlana
| Mea | Nā kikoʻī |
| Kūlana Maʻamau | API 5L PSL2 me ka mea hoʻohui lawelawe ʻawaʻawa |
| NACE | NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 |
| Nā Kaʻina Hana Hana | JCOE, UOE, pā i ʻōwili ʻia (me PWHT āpau) |
| Ka laulā o ke anawaena o waho | 219mm – 1,600mm (8″ – 63″) |
| Pae Mānoanoa o ka Paia | 6.0mm – 60mm (JCOE/UOE max 50.8mm, papa ʻōwili max 60mm) |
| Ka laulā lōʻihi | 6m – 18m maʻamau; a hiki i ka 24m (UOE) |
| Hoʻopau i ka hoʻopau ʻana | ʻO ka hopena Beveled (BE) no kēlā me kēia API 5L |
| Hoʻopau ʻili | ʻOle, 3LPE, FBE (pono nā uhi e kūpono i ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa) |
| Nā hoʻomanawanui | OD: ±0.5%; WT: -0% / +15%; Lōʻihi: +50mm / -0mm |
4. Nā Ana a me nā Kikoʻī i Loaʻa - API 5L X52 PSL2 Sour Service LSAW Steel Pipe (Nā Nui Maʻamau i Koho ʻia)
| OD (mm) | Nā Koho WT (mm) | Kaʻina Hana | Kaumaha Kokoke (kg/m) | Lōʻihi Maʻamau | Nā Hiʻohiʻona Lawelawe ʻAwaʻawa |
| 219 | 6.4, 8.0, 10.0, 12.5 | JCOE | 33.6 – 63.6 | 12m | Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻo PWHT, HIC |
| 273 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0 | JCOE | 52.3 – 89.4 | 12m / 18m | Paʻakikī ≤ 85 HRB |
| 324 | 8.0, 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0 | JCOE | 62.4 – 121.5 | 12m / 18m | CEV ≤ 0.40 |
| 406 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0 | JCOE/UOE | 97.7 – 181.4 | 12m / 18m | Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻo SSC |
| 508 | 10.0, 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0 | UOE | 122.8 – 263.8 | 12m / 18m / 24m | Ke ala paʻakikī piha |
| 610 | 12.5, 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4 | UOE | 184.2 – 366.2 | 12m / 18m / 24m | ʻAe ʻia ʻo HIC |
| 711 | 14.0, 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 28.0 | JCOE/UOE | 240.7 – 471.7 | 12m / 18m | Pono ka PWHT |
| 813 | 16.0, 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0 | JCOE | 314.4 – 579.8 | 12m / 18m | NACE MR0175 |
| 914 | 19.0, 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0 | JCOE/ʻōwili ʻia | 419.5 – 759.2 | 12m | Kalima i mālama ʻia |
| 1,016 | 22.0, 25.4, 30.0, 35.0, 40.0 | ʻōwili ʻia | 539.2 – 963.9 | 12m | Haʻahaʻa S (≤ 0.002%) |
*Loaʻa i nā paipu lawelawe ʻawaʻawa a pau ka PWHT me ka nānā ʻole i ka mānoanoa o ka paia. No nā paipu UOE, ua kaupalena ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i 0.8-1.0% e pale aku i ke kaumaha nui.*
5. Nā Kūlana Maʻamau no ka Paipu Laina Lawelawe ʻAwaʻawa
| Kūlana Maʻamau | Noi | Nā Koina Hoʻāʻo |
| API 5L PSL2 + Hoʻohui H | Paipu laina lawelawe ʻawaʻawa | HIC, SSC, paʻakikī ≤ 90 HRB |
| NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 | Nā mea hana no nā wahi H₂S | Nā palena o ka paʻakikī, kemika |
| NACE TM0284 | Ke ʻano hoʻāʻo HIC | CLR, CTR, CSR |
| NACE TM0177 | Ke ʻano hoʻāʻo SSC (ʻAno A, B, C, D) | ʻAʻohe haki |
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo hoʻohana:Hōʻiliʻili kinoea ʻawaʻawa, nā laina kahe ʻaila maka ʻawaʻawa, ka wai ʻawaʻawa o ka hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe, nā ʻāpana amine, ka hoʻokomo kinoea ʻakika.
6. Ke Kaʻina Hana Hana - LSAW no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52 PSL2
Pono ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa i nā ʻanuʻu hou aʻe ma mua o ka LSAW maʻamau:
Hoʻokumu ʻana o JCOE / UOE (e like me ke kaʻina hana maʻamau) + Nā ʻanuʻu kikoʻī ʻawaʻawa:
● Koho pā– Nā papa TMCP haʻahaʻa sulfur, i mālama ʻia me ka calcium me CEV ≤ 0.40%.
●Ke hoʻokumu nei– JCOE maʻamau a i ʻole UOE (makemake ʻia ʻo UOE no ka haʻahaʻa o ke koʻikoʻi koena).
●Kuʻihao SAW– Hoʻokele ʻia ka hoʻokomo wela i ≤ 2.5 kJ/mm (haʻahaʻa ma mua o ke kūlana maʻamau). Mahana waena ≤ 200°C.
●100% UT me TOFD– ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi ma mua o ka UT maʻamau.
●Ka Lapaʻau Wela Ma hope o ka Wela (PWHT)– Hoʻomaha ʻia nā paipu lawelawe ʻawaʻawa a pau. Mahana hoʻomoʻa 600°C ± 10°C no 1 hola no ka mānoanoa 25mm (ka palena iki he 1 hola). Hoʻomaʻalili ka umu ma ≤ 200°C i kēlā me kēia hola.
●Hoʻonui mīkini– Ua kaupalena ʻia i 0.8-1.0% (e kū'ē i ka 1.5% no ke kūlana maʻamau) e pale aku i ka paʻakikī ʻana o ka hana anu.
●Hoʻāʻo paʻakikī– 3-point traverse no ka paipu (metala kumu, weld, HAZ). ʻO 90 HRB kiʻekiʻe, maʻamau 78-85 HRB.
●Hoʻāʻo HIC– No NACE TM0284 Solution A, 96h. Nā laʻana i lawe ʻia mai nā wēlau o ka paipu.
●Hoʻāʻo SSC– No NACE TM0177 Hana A (tensile) a i ʻole Hana B (beam kūlou). 720h hōʻike ʻana.
Nā kikoʻī o ka umu ahi PWHT:
●Ka umu lalo kaʻa: 12m L × 3m W × 3m H
●Ka like ʻana o ka mahana: ±10°C
●Ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka mea hoʻopaʻa ʻikepili no kēlā me kēia pūʻulu
7. Ka Mana Hoʻomalu a me ka Hoʻāʻo ʻana no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52 LSAW
| Kahua | Nānā ʻana | Nā Kūlana ʻAe ʻia |
| Pā | Kemika (OES) | C ≤ 0.14, S ≤ 0.002, CEV ≤ 0.40 |
| Pā | Ultrasonic (lamination) | ʻAʻohe laminations > 5mm |
| Hoʻopili | 100% UT me TOFD | ʻAʻohe hōʻailona > 1.6mm |
| Hoʻopili | Hoʻāʻo Radiographic (kiko) | ʻAʻohe māwae, nele i ka fusion |
| Ma hope o ka PWHT | Paʻakikī (HRB) - BM, Weld, HAZ | ≤ 85 HRB (pahuhopu) |
| Ua pau | HIC (NACE TM0284) | CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5% |
| Ua pau | SSC (NACE TM0177 Hana A) | ʻAʻohe haki ma hope o 720h |
| Ua pau | Charpy @ 0°C | ≥ 27 J, awelika ≥ 40 J |
| Ua pau | Hoʻāʻo Hydrostatic | 85-100% SMYS |
Hoʻokomo kēlā me kēia kauoha lawelawe ʻawaʻawa i kahi waihona maikaʻi me nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo āpau, ka hiki ke hahai ʻia ka wela, a me nā pakuhi PWHT.
8. Nā Noi Kumu - API 5L X52 PSL2 ʻAwaʻawa Hana LSAW Steel Pipe
●Nā laina hōʻiliʻili kinoea ʻawaʻawa– Ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ke kinoea kūlohelohe me H₂S mai nā luawai (5-50 ppm H₂S)
● Nā laina kahe ʻaila maka me H₂S- Ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻaila maka ʻawaʻawa mai nā pads i nā hale hana waena
● Nā laina wai ʻawaʻawa o ka hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe– ʻAmonium bisulfide a me H₂S e loaʻa ana ka wai
● Paipu ʻāpana lapaʻau Amine– ʻO ka lawelawe amine momona a me ka wiwi (H₂S a me CO₂)
● Nā laina hoʻokomo kinoea waikawa– Ke hoʻokomo hou ʻana i ka H₂S/CO₂ i loko o nā lua hoʻolei
● Nā paipu lawelawe ʻawaʻawa ma waho o ke kai– Nā laina kai ma lalo o ka moana ma nā wahi H₂S
● Nā laina hāpai kinoea– Ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ke kinoea ʻawaʻawa no ka hāpai ʻana i ka luawai
● Paipu ʻāpana hoʻōla sulfur– Nā laina kinoea huelo o ka ʻāpana Claus
9. Hoʻopili & Hoʻouna - Paipu LSAW Sour Service X52 PSL2
Ua like ia me ka ʻōpala LSAW maʻamau, me ka pale hou aku no nā bevels hopena (ua ʻōlelo ʻia nā pāpale hopena kila kila e pale aku i ka haumia). Hoʻokomo pū ʻia nā palapala i nā hōʻike hoʻāʻo lawelawe piha (HIC, SSC, paʻakikī, nā pakuhi PWHT) me ka MTC maʻamau.
10. Nā Pōmaikaʻi o ke kila Womic & FAQ - Sour Service X52 LSAW
No ke aha ʻo Womic Steel no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52?
● Ka umu PWHT i hoʻolaʻa ʻia me ka lōʻihi he 12m
● Ka hiki ke CEV haʻahaʻa (≤ 0.38%) a me ka sulfur haʻahaʻa (≤ 0.0015%)
● Hoʻāʻo HIC a me SSC i loko o ka hale (i ʻae ʻia e CNAS)
● Loaʻa ka hoʻāʻo ʻawaʻawa i ʻike ʻia e ka ʻaoʻao ʻekolu (SGS, BV, TÜV)
● Ma luna o 500 km o nā paipu lawelawe ʻawaʻawa i hoʻolako ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa
● Pūʻolo palapala piha no ka ʻāpono ʻana o ka papahana
Nā Nīnau i Nīnau Pinepine ʻia:
Q: He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka maʻamau X52 PSL2 a me ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52?
A: Loaʻa i ka PSL2 maʻamau nā palena o C ≤ 0.22%, S ≤ 0.015%, CEV ≤ 0.43%, a ʻaʻohe hoʻāʻo HIC/SSC i koi ʻia. Hoʻohui ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa: C haʻahaʻa (≤ 0.14%), S (≤ 0.003% maʻamau), CEV ≤ 0.40%, PWHT i koi ʻia, paʻakikī ≤ 90 HRB (pinepine ≤ 85 HRB), a me ka hoʻāʻo HIC/SSC.
Q: Pono anei ʻo PWHT no nā lawelawe ʻawaʻawa āpau X52 me ka nānā ʻole i ka mānoanoa o ka paia?
A: ʻAe, e like me NACE MR0175 a me nā kikoʻī maʻamau o ka mea kūʻai aku. ʻOiai no nā paipu 6.4mm WT, he mea koi ʻia ka PWHT no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa.
Q: He aha nā kūlana maʻamau o ka ʻae ʻana o HIC?
A: CLR ≤ 5%, CTR ≤ 1.5%, CSR ≤ 0.5%. No ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa koʻikoʻi (e laʻa, > 50 ppm H₂S, pH < 5), pono paha nā mea kūʻai aku iā CLR = 0%. Hiki iā Womic ke hoʻokō i ka CLR 0%.
Q: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolako i ka hoʻāʻo SSC no NACE TM0177?
A: ʻAe. Hāʻawi mākou i ke ʻano A (uniaxial tensile) ma 90% SMYS, 720h, me ka ʻole o ka haki ʻana. Loaʻa ka hoʻāʻo ʻana mai nā mea ʻike maka ʻekolu.
Q: He aha ka manawa alakaʻi maʻamau no ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa X52 LSAW?
A: 60-90 mau lā, ma muli o nā koi hoʻāʻo HIC/SSC. Me ka ʻole o ka mea hōʻike ʻaoʻao ʻekolu: 60 mau lā. Me ka mea hōʻike ʻaoʻao ʻekolu: 75-90 mau lā.
Kuhikuhi Papahana - Alberta Sour Gas Gathering Pipeline (Kanada)
ʻĀina:Kanada (ʻĀpana ʻo Alberta, ʻāpana ʻo Fox Creek - Deep Basin)
Kūlana & Papa:API 5L X52 PSL2 me ka hoʻohui lawelawe ʻawaʻawa no NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156
Nā Ana a me ka Nui:
● OD 323.9mm (12.75″) × WT 9.5mm – 32,000 mika (ma kahi o 2,200 tons) – JCOE
● OD 406.4mm (16″) × WT 11.9mm – 18,000 mika (ma kahi o 1,900 tons) – JCOE
● OD 508mm (20″) × WT 12.7mm – 9,000 mika (ma kahi o 1,300 tons) – UOE
Huina:59,000 mika (59 km), ma kahi o 5,400 tone
Nā kikoʻī:Nā wēlau Beveled, uhi 3LPE, hydrotest ma 10.5 MPa. PWHT no nā paipu āpau. Paʻakikī max 85 HRB. HIC: CLR 0%, CTR 0%, CSR 0%. SSC: ʻaʻohe māwae. Charpy ma -20°C (min 27J, hoʻokō 90-150J). Nānā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e ABS Canada.
Noi:Hōʻiliʻili ʻia ke kinoea kūlohelohe ʻawaʻawa ma ke kīʻaha hohonu me H₂S 8-35 ppm, kaomi hana 6-8 MPa, mahana hoʻoilo -40°C.
Nā Pilikia ʻenehana a me nā Hoʻonā:
● Haʻahaʻa loa ka mahana (-40°C) i hui pū ʻia me ka lawelawe ʻawaʻawa: Ua hoʻohui ʻo Womic iā Ni (0.20-0.30%) e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī o ka mahana haʻahaʻa. Ua hoʻokō ʻo Charpy ma -40°C i 45-80J.
● Koi HIC ʻole māwae: nā papa sulfur haʻahaʻa loa (S ≤ 0.0012%) me ka lakio Ca/S 2.0-2.5.
● Nā lokika mamao me nā alanui hau: ʻelua mau hoʻouna hoʻoilo e hoʻohana ana i nā kalaka wela.
Hopena:Ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka paipu i ka hapaha ʻelua o 2024. ʻAʻohe hemahema o HIC a i ʻole SSC ma hope o 18 mau mahina. ʻO Womic kahi mea hoʻolako lawelawe sour i ʻae ʻia.
Hoʻokaʻaʻike:
Pūnaewele: www.womicsteel.com
Leka uila: sales@womicsteel.com
Kelepona / WhatsApp / WeChat:
Lanakila: +86 15575100681
ʻO Jack: +86 18390957568
Womic Steel – ʻO kāu hoa hilinaʻi no nā paipu kila LSAW lawelawe ʻawaʻawa API 5L X52 PSL2 no ka hōʻiliʻili ʻaila a me ke kinoea i loaʻa ka H₂S, ka wai ʻawaʻawa o ka hale hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me nā ʻōnaehana inikini kinoea waikawa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.






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