Ke kila kalapona
He kila nona nā waiwai mechanical e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ma ka nui o ke kalapona o ke kila a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi i hoʻohui ʻia, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia he kalapona maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ke kila kalapona.
ʻO ke kila kalapona, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he kila kalapona, e pili ana i nā hui hao-kalapona i loaʻa ka emi ma mua o 2% kalapona WC.
Ma keʻano laulā, aia i ke kila kalapona nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka silicon, manganese, sulfur a me ka phosphorus ma waho aʻe o ke kalapona.
Wahi a ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kila kalapona hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻano o ke kila kūkulu kalapona, ke kila mea hana kalapona a me ke kila kūkulu ʻoki manuahi, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kūkulu kalapona i ʻelua ʻano o ke kila kūkulu no ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mīkini;
Wahi a ke ʻano hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kila umu pālahalaha, ke kila hoʻololi a me ke kila umu uila;
Wahi a ke ʻano hana deoxidation hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kila paila (F), ke kila sedentary (Z), ke kila semi-sedentary (b) a me ke kila sedentary kūikawā (TZ);
Wahi a ka nui o ke kalapona o ke kila kalapona, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa (WC ≤ 0.25%), ke kila kalapona waena (WC0.25%-0.6%) a me ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe (WC> 0.6%);
Wahi a ka phosphorus, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nui o ka sulfur o ke kila kalapona i ke kila kalapona maʻamau (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur kiʻekiʻe), ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kiʻekiʻe (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kiʻekiʻe kūikawā.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ke kalapona i ke kila kalapona maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka plasticity.
Kila kohu ʻole
ʻO ke kila kila kūpaʻa waikawa i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kila, i haku ʻia me ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: ke kila kila a me ke kila kūpaʻa waikawa. I ka pōkole, ʻo ke kila e hiki ke kū i ka palaho lewa ua kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kila, ʻoiai ʻo ke kila e hiki ke kū i ka palaho e nā mea kemika ua kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kūpaʻa waikawa. ʻO ke kila kila he kila kila kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻoi aku o 60% o ka hao ma ke ʻano he matrix, e hoʻohui ana i ka chromium, nickel, molybdenum a me nā mea hoʻohuihui ʻē aʻe.
Ke loaʻa i ke kila ma mua o 12% chromium, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka pala a me ka popo o ke kila i ka lewa a me ka waikawa nitric dilute. ʻO ke kumu, hiki i ka chromium ke hana i kahi papa paʻa loa o ka ʻili chromium oxide ma luna o ka ʻili o ke kila, e pale pono ana i ke kila mai ka pala. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka chromium ma mua o 14% o ke kila kila kila, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ke kila ...kila kilakila
Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ka nui o ka chrome Wcr ma mua o 12% o ke kila he mau ʻano kila kila, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kila e like me ke ʻano microstructure ma hope o ka mālama wela ʻana i ʻelima mau ʻāpana: ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kila kila ferrite, ke kila kila martensitic, ke kila kila austenitic, ke kila kila ferrite austenitic a me ke kila kila carbonized precipitated.
Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ke kila kila e ka hoʻonohonoho matrix:
1, kila kila ferritic. Loaʻa iā ia he 12% a 30% chromium. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa i ka pala, ka paʻakikī a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka chromium a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala chloride ma mua o nā ʻano kila kila ʻē aʻe.
2, kila kila austenitic. Loaʻa ma mua o 18% chromium, aia pū kekahi ma kahi o 8% nickel a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Maikaʻi ka hana holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke kū i nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole.
3, Austenitic - ferritic duplex stainless steel. ʻO ke kila austenitic a me ke kila ferritic, a he mau pono o ka superplasticity.
4, kila kila martensitic. Ikaika kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole palupalu ka plasticity a me ka weldability.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-15-2023