ʻO ka hao hao
ʻO ke kila nona nā waiwai mechanical e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka maʻiʻo kalapona o ke kila a ʻaʻole i hoʻohui ʻia nā mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia ʻo carbon carbon a i ʻole carbon steel.
ʻO ke kila kalapona, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ke kila kalapona, e pili ana i nā huila hao-carbon i loaʻa ma lalo o 2% carbon WC.
ʻO ke kila kalapona ka nui o nā mea liʻiliʻi o ke silika, manganese, sulfur a me ka phosphorus ma waho o ke kalapona.
Wahi a ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila kalapona hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana o ke kila kila kila, ke kila kila kila a me ka ʻoki manuahi ʻana i ke kila kila, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kila i ʻelua ʻano o ke kila kila no ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hana mīkini;
E like me keʻano o ka hoʻoheheʻeʻana hiki ke hoʻokaʻawaleʻia i ke kila kapuahi palahalaha, ke kila hoʻololi a me ke kila kapuahi uila;
E like me keʻano deoxidation hiki ke maheleia i ka paila kila (F), sedentary kila (Z), semi-sedentary kila (b) a kūikawā sedentary kila (TZ);
E like me ke kalapona maʻiʻo o ke kalapona kila hiki ke maheleia i haʻahaʻa kalapona kila (WC ≤ 0.25%), medium kalapona kila (WC0.25% -0.6%) a kiʻekiʻe kalapona kila (WC> 0.6%);
Wahi a ka phosphorus, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka sulfur maʻiʻo o ke kila kalapona maʻamau (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur kiʻekiʻe), ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe (ʻo ka phosphorus, sulfur haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kila kiʻekiʻe (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kila kūikawā.
ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona ma ke kila kalapona maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka plasticity.
Kila kohu ʻole
Ua kapa ʻia ke kila kuhiliʻole he kila kila, i haku ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: ke kila kila a me ke kila ʻakika. I ka pōkole, ua kapa ʻia ke kila hiki ke kūʻē i ka corrosion o ka lewa, ʻoiai ʻo ke kila hiki ke pale aku i ka corrosion e ka media kemika ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka acid-resistant steel. ʻO ke kila kila he kila kila kiʻekiʻe me ka 60% o ka hao e like me ka matrix, hoʻohui i ka chromium, nickel, molybdenum a me nā mea hoʻohui ʻē aʻe.
Ke loaʻa ka kila ma mua o 12% chromium, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke kila i ka lewa a me ka waika nitric dilute e corrode a me ka ʻōpala. ʻO ke kumu, hiki i ka chromium ke hana i kahi ʻāpana paʻa loa o ke kiʻi chromium oxide ma ka ʻili o ke kila, e pale pono i ke kila mai ka ʻino. ʻOi aku ka nui o ke kila kila i loko o ka chromium ma mua o 14%, akā ʻaʻole ʻeleʻele loa ke kila kila. Ma nā kahakai a i ʻole kekahi pollution koʻikoʻi o ka ea, i ka wā e nui ai ka nui o ka ea chloride ion content, ʻo ka ʻili o ke kila kuhiliʻole i hōʻike ʻia i ka lewa e loaʻa paha kekahi mau wahi ʻōpala, akā ua kaupalena ʻia kēia mau wahi ʻōpala i ka ʻili, ʻaʻole e hoʻopau i ka matrix stainless steel i loko.
ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka nui o ka chrome Wcr ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 12% o ke kila he mau hiʻohiʻona o ke kila kila, ke kila kila e like me ka microstructure ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻelima mau ʻāpana: ʻo ia hoʻi, ferrite stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, austenitic stainless steel, austenitic - ferrite stainless steel and precipitated carbonized stainless steel.
Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ke kila kila e ka hui matrix:
1, ferritic kuhiliʻole kila. Loaʻa iā 12% a 30% chromium. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion, ka paʻakikī a me ka weldability me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike chromium a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o ke koʻikoʻi o ka chloride ma mua o nā ʻano ʻano kila kila.
2, austenitic kuhiliʻole kila. Loaʻa i ka 18% chromium, aia ma kahi o 8% nickel a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Maikaʻi ka hana piha, hiki ke kū i nā ʻano corrosion media.
3、Austenitic – ferritic duplex kila kila. Austenitic a me ka ferritic stainless steel, a loaʻa iā ia nā mea maikaʻi o ka superplasticity.
4, martensitic kila kila. Ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, akā maikaʻi ʻole ka plasticity a me ka weldability.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-15-2023