Ke kila kalapona
He kila nona nā waiwai mechanical e hilinaʻi nui ʻia ma ka nui o ke kalapona o ke kila a ʻaʻohe mea hoʻohui koʻikoʻi i hoʻohui ʻia, i kekahi manawa i kapa ʻia he kalapona maʻemaʻe a i ʻole ke kila kalapona.
ʻO ke kila kalapona, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he kila kalapona, e pili ana i nā hui hao-kalapona i loaʻa ka emi ma mua o 2% kalapona WC.
Ma keʻano laulā, aia i ke kila kalapona nā wahi liʻiliʻi o ka silicon, manganese, sulfur a me ka phosphorus ma waho aʻe o ke kalapona.
Wahi a ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kila kalapona hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻano o ke kila kūkulu kalapona, ke kila mea hana kalapona a me ke kila kūkulu ʻoki manuahi, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kūkulu kalapona i ʻelua ʻano o ke kila kūkulu no ke kūkulu ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i ka mīkini;
Wahi a ke ʻano hana hoʻoheheʻe hiki ke puʻunaue ʻia i ke kila umu pālahalaha, ke kila hoʻololi a me ke kila umu uila;
Wahi a ke ʻano hana deoxidation hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kila paila (F), ke kila sedentary (Z), ke kila semi-sedentary (b) a me ke kila sedentary kūikawā (TZ);
Wahi a ka nui o ke kalapona o ke kila kalapona, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ke kila kalapona haʻahaʻa (WC ≤ 0.25%), ke kila kalapona waena (WC0.25%-0.6%) a me ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe (WC> 0.6%);
Wahi a ka phosphorus, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka nui o ka sulfur o ke kila kalapona i ke kila kalapona maʻamau (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur kiʻekiʻe), ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kiʻekiʻe (loaʻa ka phosphorus, sulfur haʻahaʻa) a me ke kila kiʻekiʻe kūikawā.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka nui o ke kalapona i ke kila kalapona maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakikī, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka plasticity.
Kila kohu ʻole
ʻO ke kila kila kūpaʻa waikawa i kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kila, i haku ʻia me ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: ke kila kila a me ke kila kūpaʻa waikawa. I ka pōkole, ʻo ke kila e hiki ke kū i ka palaho lewa ua kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kila, ʻoiai ʻo ke kila e hiki ke kū i ka palaho e nā mea kemika ua kapa ʻia ʻo ke kila kūpaʻa waikawa. ʻO ke kila kila he kila kila kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻoi aku o 60% o ka hao ma ke ʻano he matrix, e hoʻohui ana i ka chromium, nickel, molybdenum a me nā mea hoʻohuihui ʻē aʻe.
Ke loaʻa i ke kila ma mua o 12% chromium, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka pala a me ka popo o ke kila i ka lewa a me ka waikawa nitric dilute. ʻO ke kumu, hiki i ka chromium ke hana i kahi papa paʻa loa o ka ʻili chromium oxide ma luna o ka ʻili o ke kila, e pale pono ana i ke kila mai ka pala. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka chromium ma mua o 14% o ke kila kila kila, akā ʻaʻole ʻo ke kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kila kilakila ...
Ma keʻano laulā, ʻo ka nui o ka chrome Wcr ma mua o 12% o ke kila he mau ʻano kila kila, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kila e like me ke ʻano microstructure ma hope o ka mālama wela ʻana i ʻelima mau ʻāpana: ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kila kila ferrite, ke kila kila martensitic, ke kila kila austenitic, ke kila kila ferrite austenitic a me ke kila kila carbonized precipitated.
Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ke kila kila e ka hoʻonohonoho matrix:
1, kila kila ferritic. Loaʻa iā ia he 12% a 30% chromium. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa i ka pala, ka paʻakikī a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o ka chromium a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pala chloride ma mua o nā ʻano kila kila ʻē aʻe.
2, kila kila austenitic. Loaʻa ma mua o 18% chromium, aia pū kekahi ma kahi o 8% nickel a me kahi liʻiliʻi o ka molybdenum, titanium, nitrogen a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Maikaʻi ka hana holoʻokoʻa, hiki ke kū i nā ʻano ʻino like ʻole.
3, Austenitic - ferritic duplex stainless steel. ʻO ke kila kila austenitic a me ka ferritic, a he mau pono o ka superplasticity.
4, kila kila martensitic. Ikaika kiʻekiʻe, akā ʻaʻole palupalu ka plasticity a me ka weldability.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-15-2023