ʻO ka wehewehe piha
ʻO nāʻeke spiter sterel,ʻikeʻiaʻo ia e like me keʻano he helical i kohoʻia (Hsaw) nā paipu e pili ana i nāʻano hana likeʻole a me keʻano o nā kiʻina hana likeʻole. Hoʻohana nuiʻia kēia mau piptes i nāʻoihana likeʻole ma muli o ko lākou ikaika, ka hana, a me ka hoʻoponoponoʻana. Eia kahi wehewehe kiko'ī o nā pipes spiral:
Ke kaʻina hana hana:Ua hanaʻia nā pii stiel sterel i kahi kaʻina kūʻokoʻa e pili ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka hoʻohanaʻana o kahi coil o ke kila kila. ʻO ke kaula i loaʻaʻole a hanaʻia i loko o kahiʻano spiral, a laila e hoʻohanaʻia me ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka ulana arlding submered arlding (ʻikeʻia). ʻO kēia mau hopena hana i loko o kahi mau manawa, helical seam ma ka lōʻihi o ka paipa.
KA MANAO:ʻO ka Seam Helical o nā Pipes Spiral Sweel e hāʻawi i ka ikaika i ka ikaika, e hana pono ai lākou i nā mea kiʻekiʻe a me nā koina. Hana kēia hoʻolālā i ka hoʻokaʻawaleʻana i keʻano o ke kaumaha a hoʻonui i ka paila o ka paipa e pale aku ai a me ka deformation.
Nā laulā nui:Hele mai nā pila spiral i loko o kahi ākea ākea Loaʻa lākou i nā nui nui o nā kiʻi nui aʻe i hoʻohālikelikeʻia i nāʻano pā hou aʻe.
Nā noi:Hoʻohanaʻia nā kīwī spiral nā code i hoʻohanaʻia i nāʻoihana me nā aila a me nā kaila wai, nā hana a ka wai, a me nā mahiʻai. He kūpono lākou no nā noi ma luna o luna a ma lalo o nā noi.
Ke kū'ē neiʻo Corrosioniona:E hoʻoikaika i ka lōʻihi,ʻo nā paila spiel stiel i lalo o nā lāʻau anti-corrosiod. Hiki i kēia e pili ana i nā lole kūloko a me waho, e like me ka epox,ʻo Poliki, a me nā mea ki'ī e pale ai i nā maka o nā kaiāulu.
Pono:Hāʻawiʻo Spiral nā kīwī kīpī i nā wā nui, me ka hoʻopiliʻana i ka nui o ka laweʻana, kumukūʻai no nā kila nui, a me ke kūʻana i nā koina nui, a me ke kū ponoʻana i ka hoʻohālikelike. ʻO kā lākou mea kōkua he waiwai'ē aʻe i loaʻa i nā mea kōkua i ka Dranage maikaʻi.
LongitidinalVSSpiral:Hoʻopiliʻia nā kīwī spiral nā pipes mai nā kāʻei lōʻihi lōʻihi ma ko lākou kaʻina hana hana. ʻOiai e hanaʻia ana nā pipes lōʻihi a ua hanaʻia ma ka lōʻihi o ka paipa,ʻo nā pipes spiral i loaʻa i keʻano he hellical seam i hanaʻia.
Kākau pono:ʻO nā hana hana a me nā kaʻina hana o ka hanaʻana i keʻano o ka hanaʻana i nā pipes spiel spiral reliable spiel stiel. E noʻonoʻo pono ana, pipe geometry, a me nā hōʻike ho'āʻo e nānā ponoʻia e hōʻoia pono e hōʻoia i ka hoʻopiliʻana i nā kūlana hana a me nā kiko'ī.
Nā Kūlana a me nā kiko'ī:Hanaʻia nā paila spiral e like me ka honua a me nā kūlana hana likeʻole e like me ka API 5L, AT, a me nā poʻe'ē aʻe. E wehewehe kēia mau papa i nā mea waiwai waiwai, nā hana hana, a me nā mea ho'āʻo.
I ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana,ʻo nā pila spiral sterel i kahi kūlana kūmole a me nā hopena paʻakikī no nāʻoihana'ē aʻe. ʻO kā lākou hana hana kūʻokoʻa, i ka ikaikaʻole, a loaʻa i ka loaʻaʻana o nā'āpana likeʻole i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā mea'ē aʻe,ʻo ka laweʻana, ka hanaʻana a me ka hana hou aku. Koho kūpono, ka mana kūpono, a me nā pale palekana palekana e pāʻani ai i kahi hana koʻikoʻi ma ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka hana lōʻihi o nā kila spiral.
Nā kiko'ī
API 5L: Gr.b, X42, X46, X52, X65, X70, X65, X70 |
Astm Astm A252: GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 |
En 10219-1: s235jrh, s275j0h, s355j0h, s355k2h |
EN10210: S235JRH, s275j.0n, s275j.0, s355k2h |
Astm A53 / A53M: GR.A, GR.B |
En 10217: P195tr1, P195/1/1/1, P235/12, P265TR2 |
Dinar 2458: ST87.0, sv4.0, S52.0 |
E like me / NZS 1163: Kūʻai C250, papa C350, papa C450 |
GB/T 9711: L175, L210, L245, L290, L320 , L360, L390 , L415, L450 , L485 |
Astma671: Ca55 / cb70 / cc665, cf72 / cf72 / cf72 / cf12 |
Ka diameter (mm) | ʻO ka pallintness pā (mm) | |||||||||||||||||||
6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | |
219.1 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||||||
273 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||||
323.9 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||
325 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||
355.6 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||||
377 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||
406.4 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||
426 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||
457 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||
478 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||||
508 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
529 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
630 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||
711 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||
720 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||
813 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||
820 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||
920 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||
1020 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
1220 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
1420 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||
1620 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ||||||||||
1820 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
2020 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
2220 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||||||
2500 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
2540 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | |||||||
3000 | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● | ● |
ʻO kaʻaeʻana o ka pā o ka diameter a me ka pā nui
Kū-starder | ʻO ke komoʻana o ke kino o ke kino | ʻO kaʻaeʻana o ka paila o ka paipa | ʻO ka heleʻana o ka pā pōhaku | |||
Mai ka diameter | TOLECE | Mai ka diameter | TOLECE | |||
Gb / t3091 | Adç48.3mm | ≤ ± 0.5 | Adç48.3mm | - | ≤ ± 10% | |
48.3 | ≤ ± 1.0% | 48.3 | - | |||
273.1 | ≤ ± 0.75% | 273.1 | -0.8 ~ + 2.4 | |||
Od> 508mm | ≤ ± 1.0% | Od> 508mm | -0.8 ~ + 3.2 | |||
GB / T9711.1 | Adç48.3mm | -0.79 ~ + 0.41 | - | - | John≤73 | -12.5% ~ ~ 20% |
60.3 | ≤ ± 0.75% | Odm273.1mm | -0.4 ~ + 1.59 | 88.924457 | -12.5% ~ + 15% | |
508 | ≤ ± 1.0% | Aaolan -323.9 | -0.79 ~ + 2.38 | Od≥508 | -10.0% ~ + 17.5% | |
Odo> 941MM | ≤ ± 1.0% | - | - | - | - | |
Gb / t9711.2 | 60 | ± 0.75% D ~ ± 3mm | 60 | ± 0.5% d ~ ± 1.6mm | 4mm | ± 12,5% t ~ ± 15.0% t |
610 | ± 0.5% D ~ ± 4mm | 610 | ± 0.5% d ~ ± 1.6mm | Wt≥25mm | -3.00mm ~ + 3.75mm | |
Od> 140mm | - | Od> 140mm | - | - | -10.0% ~ + 17.5% | |
Sy / t5037 | <500mm | ≤ ± 0.75% | <500mm | ≤ ± 0.75% | <500mm | ≤ ± ± 12%% |
OD≥50mm | ≤ ± 1.00% | OD≥50mm | ≤ ± 0.50% | OD≥50mm | ≤ ± 10.0% | |
API 5L PSST1 / PSST2 | 0 60.3 | -0.8mm ~ + 0.4mm | -27.3 | -0.4mm ~ + 1.6mm | Wtmor5.0 | ≤ ± 0.5 |
60.3≤ke Waihona 28.3 | ≤ ± 0.75% | 168.3 | ≤ ± 1.6mm | 5.0 | ≤ ± 0.1t | |
168.3 | ≤ ± 0.75% | 610 | ≤ ± 1.6mm | T≥15.0 | ≤ ± 1.5 | |
610 | ≤ ± 4.0mm | Od> 1422 | - | - | - | |
Od> 1422 | - | - | - | - | - | |
API 5ct | Od <114.3 | ≤ ± 0.79mm | Od <114.3 | ≤ ± 0.79mm | ≤ -,0% | |
Od≥114.3 | -0.5% ~ 1.0% | Od≥114.3 | -0.5% ~ 1.0% | ≤ -,0% | ||
Assm A53 | ≤ ± 1.0% | ≤ ± 1.0% | ≤ -,0% | |||
Histm a252 | ≤ ± 1.0% | ≤ ± 1.0% | ≤ -,0% |
DN mm | NB Loko | OD mm | Sch40s mm | Sch5s mm | Sch10s mm | Sch10 mm | Sch20 mm | Sch40 mm | SHRASM0 mm | Xs / 80s mm | Sch80 mm | Sch100 mm | Sch120 mm | Sch140 mm | Sch160 mm | Schxxs mm |
6 | 1/8 " | 1029 | 1.24 | 1.73 | 2.41 | |||||||||||
8 | 1/4 " | 13.72 | 1.65 | 2.24 | 3.02 | |||||||||||
10 | 3/8 " | 17.15 | 1.65 | 2.31 | 3.20 | |||||||||||
15 | 1/2 " | 21.34 | 2.77 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.77 | 3.73 | 3.73 | 4.78 | TET47 | ||||||
20 | 3/4 " | 26.67 | 2.87 | 1.65 | 2.11 | 2.87 | 3.91 | 3.91 | 5.56 | 7.82 | ||||||
25 | 1 " | 33.40 | 3.38 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.38 | 4.55 | 4.55 | 6.35 | 9.09 | ||||||
32 | 1 1/4 " | 42.16 | 3.56 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.56 | 4.85 | 4.85 | 6.35 | 9.70 | ||||||
40 | 1 1/2 " | 48.26 | 3.68 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.68 | 5..08 | 5..08 | 7.14 | 10.15 | ||||||
50 | 2 " | 60.33 | 3.91 | 1.65 | 2.77 | 3.91 | 5.54 | 5.54 | 9.74 | 11.07 | ||||||
65 | 2 1/2 " | 73.03 | 5.16 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.16 | 7.01 | 7.01 | 9.53 | 14.02 | ||||||
80 | 3 " | 88.90 | 5.49 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.49 | 7.62 | 7.62 | 11.13 | 15.24 | ||||||
90 | 3 1/2 " | 101.60 | 5.74 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 5.74 | 8.08 | 8.08 | ||||||||
100 | 4 " | 114.30 | 6.02 | 2.11 | 3.05 | 6.02 | 8.56 | 8.56 | 11.12 | 13.49 | 17.12 | |||||
125 | 5 " | 141.30 | 6.55 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 6.55 | 9.53 | 9.53 | 12.70 | 15.88 | 19.05 | |||||
150 | 6 " | 168.27 | 7.11 | 2.77 | 3.40 | 7.11 | 10.97 | 10.97 | 14.27 | 18.26 | 21.95 | |||||
200 | 8 " | 219.08 | 8.18 | 2.77 | 3.76 | 6.35 | 8.18 | 10.31 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 19.26 | 20.62 | 23.01 | 22.23 | |
250 | 10 " | 273.05 | 9.27 | 3.40 | 4.19 | 6.35 | 9.27 | 12.70 | 12.70 | 15.09 | 19.26 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 25.40 | |
300 | 12 " | 323.85 | 9.53 | 3.96 | 4.57 | 6.35 | 10.31 | 14.27 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 21.44 | 25.40 | 28.58 | 33.32 | 25.40 | |
350 | 14 " | 355.60 | 9.53 | 3.96 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 11.13 | 15.09 | 12.70 | 19.05 | 23.83 | 27.79 | 31.75 | 35.71 | |
400 | 16 " | 406.40 | 9.53 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 16.66 | 12.70 | 21.44 | 26.19 | 30.96 | 36.53 | 40.49 | |
450 | 18 "" | 457.20 | 9.53 | 4.19 | 4.78 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 14.27 | 19.05 | 12.70 | 23.83 | 29.36 | 34.93 | 39.67 | 45.24 | |
500 | 20 " | 508.00 | 9.53 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 15.09 | 20.62 | 12.70 | 26.19 | 32.54 | 38.10 | 44.45 | 50.01 | |
550 | 22 " | 558.80 | 9.53 | 4.78 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 22.23 | 12.70 | 28.58 | 34.93 | 41.28 | 47.63 | 53.98 | ||
600 | 24 " | 60960 | 9.53 | 5.54 | 6.35 | 6.35 | 9.53 | 17.48 | 24.61 | 12.70 | 30.96 | 38.89 | Paula2 | 52.37 | 59.54 | |
650 | 26 " | 660.40 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 | ||||||||||
700 | 28 " | 711.20 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 | ||||||||||
750 | 30 | 762.00 | 9.53 | 6.35 | 7.92 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 12.70 | ||||||||
800 | 32 " | 812.80 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 12.70 | |||||||||
850 | 34 " | 863.60 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 17.48 | 12.70 | |||||||||
900 | 36 " | 914.40 | 9.53 | 7.92 | 12.70 | 19.05 | 12.70 | |||||||||
DN 1000mm a ma luna o ka piko o ka piko o ka paila nui o 25mm |
Pā'ālua & Kūʻai
Kū-starder | Nā māka kiʻi |
API 5L: E wehewehe no ka paipa laina | Gr.B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X60, X70, X65, X70 |
Astm A2M22 | Gr.1, gr.2, gr.3 |
En 10219-1: Ke anuanu i hanaʻia i nā'āpana kīwaha i hanaʻoleʻia | S235jh, s275j0h, s275j2h, s355j0h, s355k2h |
En10210 | S235jh, s275j0h, s275j2h, s355j0h, s355k2h |
Astm A53 / A53M: PEPE, SMAEL,ʻeleʻele,ʻeleʻele,ʻeleʻele, zinc-coated | Gr.a, gr.b |
En 10217 | P_ãopR1, p195/35/1/1, p235RTRY, P265TR1, P265TR2 |
DIN 2458: nā pipes kila kila a me nā tubes | ST37.0, Set4.0, S52.0 |
E like me / NZS 1163: Australia / Australand / New Zealand Station no nā'āpana wela i hoʻopaʻaʻia | Palapala C250, papa C350, papa C450 |
GB / T 9711: Petroleum a me nāʻano hana kūlohelohe - nā puke kīʻaha no ka pikolines | L175, L210, L245, L290, L320 , L360, L390 , L415, L450 , L485 |
Awwa c200: Steel Pihi wai 6 iniha (150 mm) aʻoi aku ka nui | ʻAihue kīwī |
Hana hana hana

Honua mālamalama
● ka nānāʻana i ka nānāʻana
● loiloi loiloi
● hōʻikeʻana mechanical
● nānāʻikeʻike
● E nānā pono
● Pūnaewele hōʻikeʻike
● hōʻike hōʻike
● ho'āʻo e pili ana iā Corrosur
●ʻAʻole hana i ka hoʻokolokolo hanaʻole (ut, Mt, pt)
● Keʻano o ke kaʻina hana
●ʻO ka nānāʻana o nā microstructure
● Flaring a me nā hōʻike pākuʻi
● Hōʻike paʻakikī
● ho'āʻo e hoʻoikaika
● Metalphotography
● ho'āʻo e ho'āʻoʻo Corroso
● Ke hōʻike neiʻo EdDy i kēia manawa
● ka pena kiʻi a me ka nānāʻana
● Hōʻike mākaʻi
Mea hoʻohana a me ka noi
ʻO nā pila spiral sterel he mau versitile a hoʻohana pinepineʻia ma nāʻano hana likeʻole ma muli o ko lākou mau hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa a me nā pono. Ua hoʻokumuʻia lākou e nā mea kilokilo e ulana ai nā kila kila kila e hana pū e hana i kahi paipu me kahi sirlal mau sper maʻamau. Eia kekahi mau noi maʻamau o nā pipes spiral:
● Ke laweʻana i nā kahe wai: ua neʻe nui kēia mauʻili, a me ka aila, a me ke kinoea ma nā wahi lōʻihi ma muli o ko lākou kūkuluʻana a me ko lākou kūkuluʻana me ka ikaika loa.
● Aʻole a me ka aila: ka nui no ka aila a me nāʻoihana a me nā huahana cryure, a me nā mea e pono ai ka hoʻohanaʻana a me nā mea i hoʻoponoponoʻia.
● Pili i nā kīwaha: Foundation Piles i ke kūkuluʻana i nā hana kaumaha e kākoʻo i nā ukana kaumaha e like me nā hale a me nā alanui.
● Hoʻonoho hana: lawelaweʻia i loko o nā hale kūkulu hale kūkulu, nā kolamu, a me nā kākoʻo, e kākoʻo ana kā lākou mau daimana, i ka paʻaʻana o kā lākou Durablity.
● culverts a me ka drainage: hoʻohanaʻia i loko o nā'ōnaehana wai, e pale aku i ko lākou corrosioting a me ka haunaele wai.
● Triking TUBING: I ka hanaʻana a me ka mahiʻai, hāʻawi kēia mau paipa i nā hopena kūponoʻole.
● Marine And of of offshore
● mining
● Hāʻawi i nā wai wai: kūpono no ka nui o nā wahi nui o ka wai i loko o nā'ōnaehana wai, pono e halihali ana i nā'āpana wai nui.
● Nā'ōnaehana Geothermal: Hoʻohanaʻia ma Geothermal Energin Energy
ʻO keʻano o keʻano o nā kila spiral sweel kila, ua hui pū me ko lākou ikaika, ka hana, a me ka hoʻololiʻana, e hana ana iā lākou i kahiʻano nui o nāʻoihana a me nā noi.
PUCCCING & SURMIT
POHE:
ʻO ke kaʻina hana i ke kaʻina hana no nā pipes stiel kila e pili ana i kekahi mau ala nui e hōʻoia ai i ka paleʻana o nā pipes i ka wā o ka laweʻana a me ka mālamaʻana:
● PEP PEPLEL: E hoʻopili pinepineʻia nā pila spiel sweel i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā kaula, nā mea paʻa paʻa. Mālamaʻo Burndle i nā piptes pilikino mai ka neʻeʻana a iʻole e hoʻololi ana i loko o ka pākuʻi.
● E nānā i nā pale pale: nā pale pepa a iʻole nā pale pale i kauʻia ma nā kihiʻelua o nā pipes e pale ai i ka hopena o ka papeka
● Nā wai wai: e hoʻopiliʻia nā piptes i nā mea wai wai, e like me nā pale pepa a iʻole e pale aku ai i waho o ka laweʻana aku.
● Hoʻomoeʻana: Nā mea kūʻai hou aʻe, e like me nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia a iʻole nā mea i hoʻopiliʻia ma waena o nā paila a iʻole nā vibrate.
● Ke heleʻana: Ua haʻiʻia kēlā me kēia pūpū me nāʻike koʻikoʻi, e pili ana i nā kiko'ī o nā pākeke, nā'āpana, a me nā wahi. ʻO kēia mea kōkua i ka maʻalahi maʻalahi a me ka hanaʻana.
Kaʻana:
● E koi i nā pila spiral sterel i ka hoʻolālā e mālama pono ai e hōʻoia i ka palekana palekana a maikaʻi.
● Ke kaʻina hana: ke koho o keʻano o ke kaʻa (alanui, kaʻaahi, kai
● Kuhi: Hiki ke hoʻoukaʻia nā piptes i loko o nā mea hoʻouna moku maʻamau a iʻole nā mea i hoʻopaʻaʻia. Mālama i ka pahu i nā piptes mai nā mea waho mai nā mea a pau a hāʻawi i kahi kūlana i hoʻopaʻaʻia.
● Mālama: Ua hoʻopaʻaʻia nā pipes i loko o nā mea i loko o ka hoʻohanaʻana i nāʻano hana kūpono, e like me ke kauʻana, a hoʻomālamalama. Mālama kēia i ka neʻeʻana a ho'ēmi i ka pilikia o ka hōʻino i ka wā o ka transit.
● Ka palapala palapala:ʻO ka palapala kūpono, me nā mea kūʻai aku, nā papa inoa, nā papa inoa o nā mākaʻi a me nā mea hoʻokele kaʻa.
● Keʻano: Loaʻa pinepineʻia kaʻikepili Cargo e uhi i nā poho a iʻole nā pōʻino i ka wā transit.
● E nānā: ma keʻano o ke kaʻina laweʻana, e nānāʻia nā piptes e hoʻohana ana i nā gps a me nā'ōnaehana e hōʻoia ai ma ke ala kūpono a me ka papa hoʻonohonoho.
● Hoʻolilo i nā hana maʻamau: Hāʻawiʻia nā palapala kūpono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā Customs Customs Customs Customs ma ke awa a iʻole ka palena.
Huahelu:
ʻO ka pale kūpono a me ka hoʻounaʻana i nā pips spiral stiel kipes he mea pono e mālama i ka maikaʻi o nā piptes a me ke kūpaʻa i ka wā o ka heleʻana. Ma hope o nā hana hana maikaʻi loa e hōʻoia ai e hiki i nā pipes ke hele i ko lākou wahi i ka hopena maikaʻi loa, mākaukau no ka hoʻonohonohoʻana a iʻole ka hana houʻana.
