ʻO ke ʻano hana piha loa no ka helu ʻana i nā kaupaona metala!

ʻO kekahi mau ʻano maʻamau no ka helu ʻana i ke kaumaha o nā mea metala:

ʻĀpana ManaʻoKaumaha oKalaponakilaPipe (kg) = 0.0246615 x mānoanoa o ka pā x (ke anawaena o waho - ka mānoanoa o ka pā) x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha kila poepoe (kg) = 0.00617 x ke anawaena x ke anawaena x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha kila huinaha (kg) = 0.00785 x laulā ʻaoʻao x laulā ʻaoʻao x lōʻihi

Kaumaha kila hexagonal (kg) = 0.0068 x laulā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x laulā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x lōʻihi

Kaumaha kila ʻewalu (kg) = 0.0065 x laulā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x laulā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ke kaula hao (kg) = 0.00617 x ke anawaena i helu ʻia x ke anawaena i helu ʻia x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha kihi (kg) = 0.00785 x (ʻaoʻao laulā + ʻaoʻao laulā - ʻaoʻao mānoanoa) x ʻaoʻao mānoanoa x lōʻihi

Kaumaha kila palahalaha (kg) = 0.00785 x mānoanoa x laulā ʻaoʻao x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ka papa kila (kg) = 7.85 x mānoanoa x ʻāpana

Kaumaha o ke keleawe poepoe (kg) = 0.00698 x ke anawaena x ke anawaena x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ke keleawe poepoe (kg) = 0.00668 x ke anawaena x ke anawaena x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ke koʻokoʻo alumini poepoe (kg) = 0.0022 x ke anawaena x ke anawaena x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha keleawe huinaha (kg) = 0.0089 x laulā ʻaoʻao x laulā ʻaoʻao x lōʻihi

Kaumaha keleawe huinaha (kg) = 0.0085 x laulā ʻaoʻao x laulā ʻaoʻao x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ka pā alumini huinaha (kg) = 0.0028 x laulā ʻaoʻao x laulā ʻaoʻao x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ke koʻokoʻo keleawe poni hexagonal (kg) = 0.0077 x laulā o ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x laulā o ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x lōʻihi

Kaumaha keleawe hexagonal (kg) = 0.00736 x laulā ʻaoʻao x laulā ʻaoʻao kū'ē x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ke koʻokoʻo alumini hexagonal (kg) = 0.00242 x ka laulā o ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x ka laulā o ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ke keleawe (kg) = 0.0089 x mānoanoa x laulā x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ka papa keleawe (kg) = 0.0085 x mānoanoa x laulā x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ka papa alumini (kg) = 0.00171 x mānoanoa x laulā x lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ka paipu keleawe poni poepoe (kg) = 0.028 x mānoanoa o ka paia x (ke anawaena waho - ka mānoanoa o ka paia) x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha paipu keleawe poepoe (kg) = 0.0267 x mānoanoa o ka paia x (ke anawaena waho - ka mānoanoa o ka paia) x ka lōʻihi

Kaumaha o ka paipu alumini poepoe (kg) = 0.00879 x mānoanoa o ka paia x (OD - mānoanoa o ka paia) x lōʻihi

Hoʻomaopopo:ʻO ke anakahi o ka lōʻihi ma ke ʻano he mika, ʻo ke anakahi o ka ʻāpana he mika huinaha, a ʻo ke koena o nā anakahi he millimeters. ʻO ke kaumaha ma luna x ke kumukūʻai anakahi o ka mea hana ke kumukūʻai o ka mea hana, me ka mālama ʻili + ke kumukūʻai hola kanaka o kēlā me kēia hana + nā mea hoʻopili + uku hoʻouna + ʻauhau + uku paneʻe = ʻōlelo kūʻai (FOB).

ʻO ke kaumaha kikoʻī o nā mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia

Hao = 7.85 Alumini = 2.7 Keleawe = 8.95 Kila kila = 7.93

ʻO ke ʻano helu maʻalahi o ke kaumaha kila kila

ʻO ke kaumaha pālahalaha kila kila no ka mika kūlike (kg): 7.93 x mānoanoa (mm) x laulā (mm) x lōʻihi (m)

304, 321Ke kila kila PʻīpeʻĀpana Manaʻoke kaumaha no ka mika (kg) haʻilula: 0.02491 x mānoanoa o ka paia (mm) x (ke anawaena o waho - ka mānoanoa o ka paia) (mm)

316L, 310SKe kila kila PʻīpeʻĀpana Manaʻoke kaumaha no ka mika (kg) haʻilula: 0.02495 x mānoanoa o ka paia (mm) x (ke anawaena waho - ka mānoanoa o ka paia) (mm)

ʻO ke kaumaha o ke kila poepoe kila kila no kēlā me kēia mika (kg) haʻilula: anawaena (mm) x anawaena (mm) x (nickel stainless: 0.00623; chromium stainless: 0.00609)

Ka helu ʻana o ke kaumaha kumumanaʻo o ke kila

Ua ana ʻia ke kaumaha kumumanaʻo o ke kila ma nā kilokani (kg). ʻO kona ʻano kumu:

W (kaumaha, kg) = F (ʻāpana ʻāpana mm²) x L (lōʻihi m) x ρ (ka nui g/cm³) x 1/1000

Penei ke ʻano o ke kaumaha kumumanaʻo kila:

kila poepoe,ʻŌwili (kg/m)

W=0.006165 xd xd

d = ke anawaena mm

Ke anawaena he 100mm ke kila poepoe, e ʻimi i ke kaumaha no ka mika. Kaumaha no ka mika = 0.006165 x 100² = 61.65kg

Paʻa (kg/m)

W=0.00617 xd xd

d = ke anawaena ʻāpana mm

E huli i ke kaumaha no ka mika o kahi rebar me ke anawaena ʻāpana o 12mm. Kaumaha no ka mika = 0.00617 x 12² = 0.89kg

Ke kila huinaha (kg/m)

W=0.00785 xa xa

a = ka laulā ʻaoʻao mm

E huli i ke kaumaha no ka mika o ke kila huinaha me ka laulā ʻaoʻao o 20mm. Kaumaha no ka mika = 0.00785 x 20² = 3.14kg

Ke kila pālahalaha (kg/m)

W=0.00785×b×d

b = ka laulā ʻaoʻao mm

d = mānoanoa mm

No ke kila pālahalaha me ka laulā ʻaoʻao o 40mm a me ka mānoanoa o 5mm, e ʻimi i ke kaumaha no ka mika. Kaumaha no ka m = 0.00785 × 40 × 5 = 1.57kg

Ke kila hexagonal (kg/m)

W=0.006798×s×s

s=mamao mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe mm

E huli i ke kaumaha no ka mika o ke kila hexagonal me ka mamao o 50mm mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Kaumaha no ka mika = 0.006798 × 502 = 17kg

Ke kila ʻewalu (kg/m)

W=0.0065×s×s

s=mamao i ka ʻaoʻao mm

E huli i ke kaumaha no ka mika o ke kila ʻewalu me ka mamao o 80mm mai ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Kaumaha no ka mika = 0.0065 × 802 = 41.62kg

Ke kila kihi like (kg/m)

W = 0.00785 × [d (2b-d) + 0.215 (R²-2r²)]

b = ka laulā o ka ʻaoʻao

d = ka mānoanoa o ka lihi

R = ka radius o ke aʻo kūloko

r = radius o ke arc hopena

E huli i ke kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika o ke kihi equilateral 20 mm x 4 mm. Mai ka Metallurgical Catalog, ʻo ka R o kahi kihi lihi like 4mm x 20mm he 3.5 a ʻo ka r he 1.2, a laila ʻo ke kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika = 0.00785 x [4 x (2 x 20-4) + 0.215 x (3.52 - 2 x 1.2² )] = 1.15kg

Ke kihi like ʻole (kg/m)

W=0.00785×[d(B+bd) +0.215(R²-2r²)]

B = ka laulā o ka ʻaoʻao lōʻihi

b = ka laulā ʻaoʻao pōkole

d = Mānoanoa ʻaoʻao

R=ka radius o ke arc o loko

r=ka radius o ke aʻo hopena

E huli i ke kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika o 30 mm × 20 mm × 4 mm kihi like ʻole. Mai ka papa inoa metallurgical e ʻike i nā kihi like ʻole 30 × 20 × 4 o R he 3.5, ʻo r he 1.2, a laila ke kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika = 0.00785 × [4 × (30 + 20 - 4) + 0.215 × (3.52 - 2 × 1.2 2)] = 1.46kg

Ke kila kahawai (kg/m)

W = 0.00785 × [hd + 2t (bd) + 0.349 (R²-r² )]

h=kiʻekiʻe

b=ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae

d = mānoanoa o ka pūhaka

t=mānoanoa wāwae awelika

R=ka radius o ke arc o loko

r = radius o ke arc hopena

E huli i ke kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika o ke kila kahawai he 80 mm × 43 mm × 5 mm. Mai kahi papa inoa metallurgical, aia i ke kahawai he 8, he 8 R a he 4 r. Kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika = 0.00785 × [80 × 5 + 2 × 8 × (43 - 5) + 0.349 × (82 - 4²)] = 8.04kg  

ʻUmi-I (kg/m)

W=0.00785×[hd+2t(bd)+0.615(R²-r²)

h=kiʻekiʻe

b=ka lōʻihi o ka wāwae

d = mānoanoa o ka pūhaka

t=mānoanoa wāwae awelika

r=ka radius o ke aʻo kūloko

r=ka radius o ke aʻo hopena

E huli i ke kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika o kahi I-beam o 250 mm × 118 mm × 10 mm. Mai ka puke lima o nā mea hao, ʻo ka I-beam he 13, he R o 10 a he r o 5. Kaumaha no kēlā me kēia mika = 0.00785 x [250 x 10 + 2 x 13 x (118 - 10) + 0.615 x (10² - 5² )] = 42.03kg 

Papa kila (kg/m²)

W=7.85×d

d = mānoanoa

E huli i ke kaumaha no ka m² o kahi papa kila me ka mānoanoa o 4mm. Kaumaha no ka m² = 7.85 x 4 = 31.4kg

Paipu kila (me nā paipu kila humuhumu ʻole a me nā paipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia) (kg/m)

W=0.0246615×S (DS)

D = ke anawaena o waho

S = ka mānoanoa o ka paia

E huli i ke kaumaha no ka mika o kahi paipu kila humuhumu me ke anawaena waho o 60mm a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia o 4mm. Kaumaha no ka mika = 0.0246615 × 4 × (60-4) = 5.52kg

Paipu kila1

Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻOkakopa-08-2023