ʻO ka Duplex Stainless Steel (DSS) he ʻano kila kila i loaʻa i nā ʻāpana like o ka ferrite a me ka austenite, me ka hapa liʻiliʻi ma ke ʻano he 30%.Loaʻa i ka DSS kahi maʻi chromium ma waena o 18% a me 28% a me kahi maʻi nickel ma waena o 3% a me 10%.Loaʻa i kekahi mau mea kila kila duplex e like me ka molybdenum (Mo), keleawe (Cu), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), a me ka nitrogen (N).
Hoʻohui kēia ʻano o ke kila i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka austenitic a me ka ferritic stainless steel.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless ferritic, ʻoi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka plasticity a me ka paʻakikī o DSS, nele i ka brittleness wela o ka lumi, a hōʻike i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūpaʻa intergranular corrosion a me ka weldability.I ka manawa like, mālama ia i ka brittleness 475 ° C a me ka conductivity thermal kiʻekiʻe o nā kila kulika ferritic a hōʻike i ka superplasticity.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless austenitic, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o DSS a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion koʻikoʻi intergranular a me ka chloride.Loaʻa iā DSS ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion pitting maikaʻi loa a ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia he kila kila hoʻopakele nickel.
Hoʻolālā a me nā ʻano
Ma muli o kāna ʻano ʻelua ʻāpana o ka austenite a me ka ferrite, me kēlā me kēia māhele e helu ana i ka hapalua, hōʻike ʻo DSS i nā ʻano o nā austenitic a me ka ferritic stainless steels.ʻO ka ikaika o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o DSS mai 400 MPa a i 550 MPa, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻelua ʻelua o nā kila kila austenitic maʻamau.ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o DSS, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, a hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa i ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion intergranular a me ka weldability i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless ferritic.Hoʻopaʻa pū ia i kekahi mau waiwai kila kila ferritic, e like me 475 ° C brittleness, kiʻekiʻe thermal conductivity, haʻahaʻa thermal expansion coefficient, superplasticity, a me ka magnetism.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless austenitic, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o DSS, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka hāʻawi ʻana, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kūʻē ʻana i ka pitting, ka corrosion stress, a me ka luhi corrosion.
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka DSS i ʻehā mau ʻano ma muli o kāna haku mele: Cr18, Cr23 (Mo-free), Cr22, a me Cr25.Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano Cr25 i nā kila kila maʻamau a super duplex.Ma waena o kēia, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau o nā ʻano Cr22 a me Cr25.Ma Kina, hana ʻia ka hapa nui o nā māka DSS i Kuekene, me 3RE60 (Cr18 type), SAF2304 (Cr23 type), SAF2205 (Cr22 type), a me SAF2507 (Cr25 type).
Nā ʻano o Duplex Stainless Steel
1. ʻAno haʻahaʻa-alloy:Hōʻike ʻia e UNS S32304 (23Cr-4Ni-0.1N), ʻaʻohe molybdenum i kēia kila a loaʻa iā Pitting Resistance Equivalent Number (PREN) o 24-25.Hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi i ka AISI 304 a i ʻole 316 i nā noi pale corrosion.
2. Medium-Alloy Type:Hōʻike ʻia e UNS S31803 (22Cr-5Ni-3Mo-0.15N), me kahi PREN o 32-33.Aia kona pale ʻana i ka corrosion ma waena o AISI 316L a me 6% Mo + N austenitic stainless steels.
3. Kiekie-Alloy Type:Loaʻa ka 25% Cr me ka molybdenum a me ka nitrogen, i kekahi manawa ke keleawe a me ka tungsten.Hōʻike ʻia e UNS S32550 (25Cr-6Ni-3Mo-2Cu-0.2N), me kahi PREN o 38-39, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia kila ma mua o 22% Cr DSS.
4. Ke kila kila kila ʻoi loa Duplex:Loaʻa i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka molybdenum a me ka nitrogen, i hōʻike ʻia e UNS S32750 (25Cr-7Ni-3.7Mo-0.3N), i kekahi manawa he tungsten a me ke keleawe, me kahi PREN ma luna o 40. He kūpono ia no nā kūlana media paʻakikī, e hāʻawi ana i ka corrosion maikaʻi loa a me ka mechanical. nā waiwai, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless austenitic super.
Nā Papa o Duplex Stainless Steel ma Kina
ʻO ka maʻamau Kina hou GB / T 20878-2007 "Stainless and Heat-Resistant Steel Grades and Chemical Composition" he nui nā māka DSS, e like me 14Cr18Ni11Si4AlTi, 022Cr19Ni5Mo3Si2N, a me 12Cr21Ni5Ti.Hoʻohui ʻia, pili ka kila 2205 duplex kaulana i ka papa Kina 022Cr23Ni5Mo3N.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o Duplex Stainless Steel
Ma muli o kāna ʻano hana ʻelua, ma ka hoʻomalu pono ʻana i ka haku mele a me ke kaʻina hana wela, hoʻohui ʻo DSS i nā mea maikaʻi o nā mea kila kila ferritic a me austenitic.Loaʻa iā ia ka paʻakikī maikaʻi loa a me ka weldability o austenitic stainless steels a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka chloride stress corrosion kūpaʻa ʻana o nā mea kila kila ferritic.ʻO kēia mau waiwai kiʻekiʻe ua hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻo DSS ma ke ʻano he mea hana weldable mai ka makahiki 1980, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless martensitic, austenitic, a me ferritic.Aia nā hiʻohiʻona o DSS:
1. Kū'ē Kū'ē Kū'ē Chloride:Hōʻike ka DSS i loko o ka molybdenum i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka chloride stress corrosion ma nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.ʻOiai ʻo 18-8 austenitic stainless steels e maʻa mau ana i ka pohā ʻinoʻino i loko o nā solution chloride neutral ma luna o 60°C, hana maikaʻi ʻo DSS i nā kaiapuni i loaʻa ka nui o nā chlorides a me ka hydrogen sulfide, i kūpono ia no nā mea hoʻololi wela a me nā evaporators.
2. ʻO ke kūʻē ʻana i ka ʻinoʻino:Loaʻa i ka DSS ke kūʻē i ka corrosion pitting.Me ka Pitting Resistance Equivalent like (PRE=Cr%+3.3Mo%+16N%), DSS a me austenitic stainless steels e hōʻike ana i nā pono lua koʻikoʻi.ʻOi aku ka pale ʻana o ka lua a me ka ʻāʻī o DSS, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā chromium kiʻekiʻe, nā ʻano nitrogen-containing, ma mua o ko AISI 316L.
3. ʻO ka luhi ʻino a me ka ʻaʻahu ʻana i ke kūpaʻa ʻino:Hana maikaʻi ʻia ka DSS i kekahi mau kaiapuni corrosive, no laila kūpono ia no nā pamu, nā kiwi, a me nā lako mana ʻē aʻe.
4. Pono Mechanical:Loaʻa i ka DSS ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika luhi, me ka ikaika hoʻohua ʻelua i ka 18-8 austenitic stainless steels.Ma ke kūlana hoʻonā-annealed, hiki i kona elongation i 25%, a ʻoi aku kona waiwai paʻakikī AK (V-notch) ma mua o 100 J.
5. Weldability:Loaʻa i ka DSS ka weldability maikaʻi me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wela.ʻAʻole koi ʻia ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana, a ʻaʻole pono ka mālama ʻana i ka wela ma hope o ka weld, e ʻae ana i ka wili me 18-8 austenitic stainless steels a i ʻole carbon steels.
6. Hana wela:Loaʻa i ka DSS haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (18%Cr) ka laulā wela wela a me ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa ma mua o 18-8 austenitic stainless steels, e ʻae ana i ka ʻōwili pololei ʻana i loko o nā papa me ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana.ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o DSS kiʻekiʻe (25%Cr) i ka hana wela akā hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā pā, nā paipu, a me nā uea.
7. Hana anu:Hōʻike ʻo DSS i ka paʻakikī o ka hana i ka wā hana anuanu ma mua o 18-8 austenitic stainless steels, e koi ana i ke koʻikoʻi mua no ka deformation i ka wā o ka paipu a me ka pā.
8. ʻO ka hoʻokō wela a me ka hoʻonui:ʻOi aku ka nui o ka conductivity thermal o DSS a me nā coefficients hoʻonui wela haʻahaʻa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila stainless austenitic, e kūpono ana ia no nā lako lining a me ka hana ʻana i nā papa hana.He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ia no nā ʻōpuʻu mea hoʻololi wela, me ka ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wela ma mua o nā kila stainless austenitic.
9. Pilikino:Mālama ʻo DSS i nā ʻano haʻahaʻa o nā kila stainless ferritic kiʻekiʻe-chromium a ʻaʻole kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mahana ma luna o 300°C.ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ka maʻiʻo chromium i DSS, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana brittle e like me ka pae sigma.
Nā Pono Hana Hana a Womic Steel
ʻO Womic Steel kahi mea hana nui o ka duplex stainless steel, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ākea o nā huahana me nā paipu, nā pā, nā kī, a me nā uea.Hoʻopili kā mākou huahana i nā kūlana honua nui a ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻo ISO, CE, a me API.Hiki iā mākou ke hoʻokipa i ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu a me ka nānā hope ʻana, e hōʻoia ana e hoʻokō ʻia nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe loa.
ʻIke ʻia nā huahana stainless steel duplex o Womic Steel no kā lākou:
Mea Kiʻekiʻe KiʻekiʻeHoʻohana wale mākou i nā mea maka maikaʻi loa e hōʻoia i ka hana ʻoi aku o ka huahana.
Nā ʻenehana hana kiʻekiʻe:ʻO kā mākou mea hana kiʻekiʻe a me kā mākou hui ʻike e hiki ai iā mākou ke hana i ka duplex stainless steel me nā mea kemika pololei a me nā waiwai mechanical.
Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia:Hāʻawi mākou i kahi ākea o nā nui a me nā kikoʻī e hoʻokō i nā pono kikoʻī o kā mākou mea kūʻai.
Ka Mana Mana Koʻikoʻi:ʻO kā mākou mau kaʻina hana hoʻomalu maikaʻi e hōʻoia i kēlā me kēia huahana e hoʻokō i nā kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ka maikaʻi.
Loaʻa honua:Me kahi pūnaewele hoʻokuʻu aku ikaika, hāʻawi ʻo Womic Steel i ka duplex stainless steel i nā mea kūʻai aku ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, e kākoʻo ana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole me nā mea hilinaʻi a kiʻekiʻe.
E koho iā Womic Steel no kāu mau mea kila kila duplex a ʻike i ka maikaʻi ʻole a me ka lawelawe e hoʻokaʻawale iā mākou i ka ʻoihana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-29-2024