Wehewehe Huahana
ʻO nā paipu kila LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) he ʻano paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia i hōʻike ʻia e kā lākou kaʻina hana hana kūikawā a me nā ʻano hana like ʻole. Hana ʻia kēia mau paipu ma ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi papa kila i loko o ke ʻano cylindrical a me ka hoʻopili ʻana iā ia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana hoʻopili arc i lalo. Eia kahi ʻike holoʻokoʻa o nā paipu kila LSAW:
Kaʻina Hana Hana:
● Hoʻomākaukau Papa: Koho ʻia nā papa kila kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā koi kikoʻī, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i nā waiwai mechanical a me ka haku mele kemika i makemake ʻia.
● Ke hana ʻana: Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka papa kila i loko o kahi paipu cylindrical ma o nā kaʻina hana e like me ke kulou ʻana, ka ʻōwili ʻana, a i ʻole ke kaomi ʻana (JCOE a me UOE). Ua ʻōwili mua ʻia nā ʻaoʻao e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻopili ʻana.
● Kuʻihao: Hoʻohana ʻia ka kuʻihao arc i lalo o ka wai (SAW), kahi e mālama ʻia ai kahi arc ma lalo o kahi papa flux. Hoʻopuka kēia i nā kuʻihao kiʻekiʻe me nā hemahema liʻiliʻi a me ka fusion maikaʻi loa.
● Nānā ʻana i ka Ultrasonic: Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ultrasonic e ʻike i kekahi mau hemahema kūloko a i ʻole waho paha i ka ʻāpana hoʻoheheʻe.
● Hoʻonui: Hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka paipu e hoʻokō i ke anawaena i makemake ʻia a me ka mānoanoa o ka paia, e hoʻonui ana i ka pololei o ke ana.
● Nānā Hope Loa: ʻO ka hoʻāʻo piha, me ka nānā ʻana i ka maka, nā nānā ʻana i nā ana, a me nā hoʻāʻo waiwai mīkini, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka maikaʻi o ka paipu.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi:
● Kūʻai Kūpono: Hāʻawi nā paipu LSAW i kahi hopena kūpono no nā paipu anawaena nui a me nā noi kūkulu ma muli o kā lākou kaʻina hana hana kūpono.
● Ikaika Kiʻekiʻe: ʻO ke ʻano hana kuʻi longitudinal e hopena i nā paipu me nā waiwai mechanical ikaika a like.
● Pololei o ke Ana: Hōʻike nā paipu LSAW i nā ana pololei, e kūpono ai no nā noi me nā hoʻomanawanui paʻa.
● Ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopili ʻia ʻana: Hoʻopuka ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka arc i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o ka wai i nā hoʻopili maikaʻi loa me ka hoʻohui maikaʻi loa a me nā hemahema liʻiliʻi.
● Versatility: Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea, ke kūkulu ʻana, a me ka hoʻolako wai, ma muli o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻololi a me ke kūpaʻa.
I ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ua hana ʻia nā paipu kila LSAW me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana pololei a me ka pono, e hopena ana i nā paipu versatile, kūpono ke kumukūʻai, a paʻa hoʻi i kūpono no nā ʻano hana ʻoihana like ʻole.
Nā kikoʻī
| API 5L: GR.B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
| ASTM A252: GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 |
| EN 10219-1: S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
| EN10210: S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
| ASTM A53/A53M: GR.A, GR.B |
| EN 10217: P195TR1, P195TR2, P235TR1, P235TR2, P265TR1, P265TR2 |
| DIN 2458: St37.0, St44.0, St52.0 |
| AS/NZS 1163: Papa C250, Papa C350, Papa C450 |
| GB/T 9711: L175, L210, L245, L290, L320, L360, L390, L415, L450, L485 |
| ASTMA671: CA55/CB70/CC65, CB60/CB65/CB70/CC60/CC70, CD70/CE55/CE65/CF65/CF70, CF66/CF71/CF72/CF73, CG100/CH100/CI100/CJ100 |
Pae Hana
| Anawaena o waho | Mānoanoa o ka pā i loaʻa no ka papa kila ma lalo | |||||||
| ʻIniha | mm | Papa kila | ||||||
| ʻIniha | mm | L245(ʻĀpana B) | L290(X42) | L360(X52) | L415(X60) | L450(X65) | L485(X70) | L555(X80) |
| 16 | 406 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-40mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 18 | 457 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-40mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 20 | 508 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-40mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 22 | 559 | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-50.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 24 | 610 | 6.0-57.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-45.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 26 | 660 | 6.0-57.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 28 | 711 | 6.0-57.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-55.0mm | 6.0-48.0mm | 6.0-43mm | 6.0-31.8mm | 6.0-29.5mm |
| 30 | 762 | 7.0-60.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-48.0mm | 7.0-47.0mm | 7.0-35mm | 7.0-32.0mm |
| 32 | 813 | 7.0-60.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-48.0mm | 7.0-47.0mm | 7.0-35mm | 7.0-32.0mm |
| 34 | 864 | 7.0-60.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-58.0mm | 7.0-48.0mm | 7.0-47.0mm | 7.0-35mm | 7.0-32.0mm |
| 36 | 914 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
| 38 | 965 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
| 40 | 1016 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
| 42 | 1067 | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-60.0mm | 8.0-52.0mm | 8.0-47.0mm | 8.0-35mm | 8.0-32.0mm |
| 44 | 1118 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
| 46 | 1168 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
| 48 | 1219 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
| 52 | 1321 | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-60.0mm | 9.0-52.0mm | 9.0-47.0mm | 9.0-35mm | 9.0-32.0mm |
| 56 | 1422 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
| 60 | 1524 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
| 64 | 1626 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
| 68 | 1727 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
| 72 | 1829 | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-60.0mm | 10.0-52mm | 10.0-47.0mm | 10.0-35mm | 10.0-32.0mm |
* Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia ka nui ʻē aʻe ma hope o ke kūkākūkā ʻana
ʻO ka hoʻohuihui kemika a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka paipu kila LSAW
| Kūlana Maʻamau | Papa | Hoʻohuihui Kemika (max)% | Nā Waiwai Mekanika (min) | |||||
| C | Mn | Si | S | P | Ka ikaika hāʻawi (Mpa) | Ikaika Tensile (Mpa) | ||
| GB/T700-2006 | A | 0.22 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.050 | 0.045 | 235 | 370 |
| B | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 235 | 370 | |
| C | 0.17 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 235 | 370 | |
| D | 0.17 | 1.4 | 0.35 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 235 | 370 | |
| GB/T1591-2009 | A | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 345 | 470 |
| B | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 345 | 470 | |
| C | 0.2 | 1.7 | 0.5 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 345 | 470 | |
| BS EN10025 | S235JR | 0.17 | 1.4 | - | 0.035 | 0.035 | 235 | 360 |
| S275JR | 0.21 | 1.5 | - | 0.035 | 0.035 | 275 | 410 | |
| S355JR | 0.24 | 1.6 | - | 0.035 | 0.035 | 355 | 470 | |
| DIN 17100 | ST37-2 | 0.2 | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 225 | 340 |
| ST44-2 | 0.21 | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 265 | 410 | |
| ST52-3 | 0.2 | 1.6 | 0.55 | 0.040 | 0.040 | 345 | 490 | |
| JIS G3101 | SS400 | - | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 235 | 400 |
| SS490 | - | - | - | 0.050 | 0.050 | 275 | 490 | |
| API 5L PSL1 | A | 0.22 | 0.9 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 210 | 335 |
| B | 0.26 | 1.2 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 245 | 415 | |
| X42 | 0.26 | 1.3 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 290 | 415 | |
| X46 | 0.26 | 1.4 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 320 | 435 | |
| X52 | 0.26 | 1.4 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 360 | 460 | |
| X56 | 0.26 | 1.1 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 390 | 490 | |
| X60 | 0.26 | 1.4 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 415 | 520 | |
| X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 450 | 535 | |
| X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | - | 0.03 | 0.03 | 585 | 570 | |
Kūlana & Papa
| Kūlana Maʻamau | Nā Papa kila |
| API 5L: Kikoʻī no ka Paipu Laina | GR.B, X42, X46, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
| ASTM A252: Kikoʻī Kūlana no nā Pile Paipu Kila Welded a me Seamless | GR.1, GR.2, GR.3 |
| EN 10219-1: Nā ʻāpana hakahaka i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i hoʻokumu anu ʻia o nā kila ʻaʻole-alloy a me nā kila palaoa maikaʻi | S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
| EN10210: Nā ʻāpana hakahaka kūkulu wela i hoʻopau ʻia o nā kila ʻaʻole-alloy a me nā kila palaoa maikaʻi | S235JRH, S275J0H, S275J2H, S355J0H, S355J2H, S355K2H |
| ASTM A53/A53M: Paipu, Kila, ʻEleʻele a me ka Wela-Ipu ʻia, Uhi ʻia me ka Zinc, Welded a me ka Seamless | GR.A, GR.B |
| EN10208: Nā paipu kila no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana halihali paipu ma nā ʻoihana ʻaila a me ke kinoea kūlohelohe. | L210GA, L235GA, L245GA, L290GA, L360GA |
| EN 10217: Nā Paipu Kila i Welded ʻia no nā Kumu Kaomi | P195TR1, P195TR2, P235TR1, P235TR2, P265TR1, P265TR2 |
| DIN 2458: Nā Paipu Kila a me nā ʻŌmole i Hoʻopaʻa ʻia | St37.0, St44.0, St52.0 |
| AS/NZS 1163: Kūlana Australia/New Zealand no nā ʻāpana hakahaka kila kūkulu anu | Papa C250, Papa C350, Papa C450 |
| GB/T 9711: Nā ʻOihana ʻAila a me ke Kinoea Kūlohelohe - Paipu Kila no nā Paipu | L175, L210, L245, L290, L320 , L360, L390 , L415, L450 , L485 |
| ASTM A671: Paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia me ka Fusion Uila no ka lewa a me nā mahana haʻahaʻa | CA 55, CB 60, CB 65, CB 70, CC 60, CC 65, CC 70 |
| ASTM A672: Paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia me ka fusion uila no ka lawelawe kaomi kiʻekiʻe ma nā mahana kūpono. | A45, A50, A55, B60, B65, B70, C55, C60, C65 |
| ASTM A691: Paipu kila kalapona a me ke kopa, i hoʻopili ʻia me ka fusion uila no ka lawelawe kaomi kiʻekiʻe ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe. | KM-65, KM-70, KM-75, 1/2CR-1/2MO, 1CR-1/2MO, 2-1/4CR, 3CR |
Kaʻina Hana Hana
Ka Mana Kūlana
● Nānā ʻana i nā mea maka
● Ka Nānā Kemika
● Hoʻāʻo Mīkini
● Nānā ʻIke Maka
● Nānā Ana
● Hoʻāʻo Kūlou
● Hoʻāʻo hopena
● Hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka palaho Intergranular
● Hoʻokolokolo ʻAʻole Luku (UT, MT, PT)
● Ka Palapala Kūpono no ke Kaʻina Hana Kuʻi
● Ka Nānā ʻana i ke ʻano hana liʻiliʻi
● Hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka lapalapa a me ka palahalaha
● Hoʻāʻo Paʻakikī
● Hoʻāʻo Hydrostatic
● Hoʻāʻo Metallography
● Hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka haki ʻana o ka hydrogen (HIC)
● Hoʻāʻo Haʻihaʻi Sulfide Stress (SSC)
● Hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke au Eddy
● Nānā ʻana i ka pena ʻana a me ka uhi ʻana
● Loiloi Palapala
Hoʻohana a me ka Hoʻopili ʻana
Loaʻa nā paipu kila LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) i nā noi like ʻole ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole ma muli o ko lākou kūpaʻa kūkulu a me ka versatility. Aia ma lalo kekahi o nā hoʻohana koʻikoʻi a me nā noi o nā paipu kila LSAW:
● Ka Lawe ʻAila a me ke Kinoea: Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā paipu kila LSAW i ka ʻoihana ʻaila a me ke kinoea no nā ʻōnaehana paipu. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau paipu no ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻaila maka, ke kinoea kūlohelohe, a me nā wai a i ʻole nā kinoea ʻē aʻe.
● Nā ʻōnaehana wai: Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW i nā papahana ʻōnaehana wai, me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻolako wai a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokahe wai.
● Ka Hana Kemika: Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW i nā ʻoihana kemika kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai lākou no ka lawe ʻana i nā kemika, nā wai, a me nā kinoea ma ke ʻano palekana a me ka pono.
● Kūkulu ʻana a me nā ʻOihana Hana: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau paipu i nā papahana kūkulu like ʻole, e like me ke kahua kūkulu, nā alahaka, a me nā noi kūkulu ʻē aʻe.
● Hoʻopili ʻia: Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW i nā hana hoʻopili e hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo kumu i nā papahana kūkulu, me nā kahua hale a me nā hale moana.
● ʻĀpana Ikehu: Hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻano ikehu like ʻole, me ka mahu a me nā wai wela i loko o nā hale hana mana.
● ʻEli ʻana: Loaʻa ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā paipu LSAW i nā papahana eli ʻana no ka lawe ʻana i nā mea a me nā ʻōpala.
● Nā Kaʻina Hana ʻOihana: Hoʻohana nā ʻoihana e like me ka hana ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā paipu LSAW no nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana like ʻole, me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea maka a me nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia.
● Ka Hoʻomohala ʻana i nā Pono Hana: He mea nui kēia mau paipu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā papahana pono hana e like me nā alanui, nā alaloa nui, a me nā pono hana ma lalo o ka honua.
● Kākoʻo Kūkulu: Hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW no ka hana ʻana i nā kākoʻo kūkulu, nā kolamu, a me nā kaola i nā papahana kūkulu a me nā papahana ʻenekinia.
● Ke kūkulu ʻana i nā moku: Ma ka ʻoihana kūkulu moku, hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o nā moku, me nā ʻili a me nā ʻāpana kūkulu.
● ʻOihana Kaʻa: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu LSAW i ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kaʻa, me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻopau.
Hōʻike kēia mau noi i ka versatility o nā paipu kila LSAW ma nā ʻāpana like ʻole, ma muli o ko lākou kūpaʻa, ikaika, a me ke kūpono no nā kūlana kaiapuni like ʻole.
Hoʻopili a me ka hoʻouna ʻana
He mea nui ka hoʻopili pono ʻana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā paipu kila LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welding) no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ko lākou halihali palekana a me ka lawe ʻana i nā wahi like ʻole. Eia ka wehewehe ʻana i nā kaʻina hana hoʻopili maʻamau a me ka hoʻouna ʻana no nā paipu kila LSAW:
Hoʻopili ʻana:
● Hoʻopili ʻia: Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā paipu LSAW a i ʻole hoʻopaʻa ʻia i hoʻokahi ʻāpana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaula kila a i ʻole nā kāʻei e hana i nā ʻāpana hiki ke hoʻokele ʻia no ka lawelawe ʻana a me ka halihali.
● Palekana: Pale ʻia nā wēlau o ka paipu me nā pāpale palaki e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻia i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai. Eia kekahi, hiki ke uhi ʻia nā paipu me nā mea pale e pale aku ai i nā kumu o ke kaiapuni.
● Uhi Kūʻē i ka ʻAi ʻAi: Inā loaʻa i nā paipu kahi uhi kūʻē i ka ʻai ʻana, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ʻia ka pono o ka uhi i ka wā e hoʻopili ai e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻia i ka wā e lawelawe ai a me ka lawe ʻana.
● Ka Hōʻailona a me ka Lepili ʻana: Ua lepili ʻia kēlā me kēia pūʻolo me ka ʻike koʻikoʻi e like me ka nui o ka paipu, ke ʻano o ka mea, ka helu wela, a me nā kikoʻī ʻē aʻe no ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike ʻana.
● Hoʻopaʻa: Hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia nā puʻupuʻu i nā pallets a i ʻole nā pale e pale ai i ka neʻe ʻana i ka wā e lawe ʻia ai.
Hoʻouna ʻana:
● Nā ʻAno Halihali: Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā paipu kila LSAW me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano halihali like ʻole, me ke alanui, kaʻaahi, ke kai, a i ʻole ka lewa, ma muli o ka wahi e hele ai a me ka wikiwiki.
● Hoʻokomo ʻana i nā ipu: Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā paipu i loko o nā ipu no ka palekana hou aku, ʻoiai i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i nā ʻāina ʻē. Hoʻouka ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ipu e pale aku i ka neʻe ʻana i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana.
● Nā Hoa Hana Logistics: Hoʻolimalima ʻia nā ʻoihana logistics kaulana a i ʻole nā mea lawe i ʻike i ka lawelawe ʻana i nā paipu kila e hōʻoia i ka lawe palekana a me ka manawa kūpono.
● Palapala Dute: Hoʻomākaukau ʻia a waiho ʻia nā palapala dute e pono ai, me nā palapala hoʻoili ukana, nā palapala kumu, a me nā pepa pili ʻē aʻe, no nā hoʻouna honua.
● ʻInikua: Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai a me ke ʻano o ka ukana, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka uhi ʻinikua e pale aku i nā hanana i manaʻo ʻole ʻia i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana.
● Ke nānā ʻana: ʻO nā ʻōnaehana nānā hou e ʻae i ka mea hoʻouna a me ka mea loaʻa e nānā i ka holomua o ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka manawa maoli, e hōʻoia ana i ka moakāka a me nā mea hou i ka manawa kūpono.
● Hoʻouna ʻia: Hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā paipu ma kahi e hele ai, ma muli o nā kaʻina hana hoʻokuʻu kūpono e pale aku i ka hōʻino ʻia.
● Nānā: I ka hōʻea ʻana, hiki ke nānā ʻia nā paipu e hōʻoia i ko lākou kūlana a me ke kūlike me nā kikoʻī ma mua o ka ʻae ʻia ʻana e ka mea loaʻa.
ʻO nā hana hoʻopili a me ka hoʻouna kūpono e kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino ʻia, mālama i ka pono o nā paipu kila LSAW, a hōʻoia i ko lākou hiki ʻana i kā lākou mau wahi i manaʻo ʻia me ka palekana a ma ke kūlana maikaʻi loa.













